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The Equal Pay Act of 2003 prohibits employers from paying unequal wages based on sex for doing the same or substantially similar work, requiring equal skill, effort, and responsibility, under similar working conditions for the same employer in the same county, except if the wage difference is based upon a seniority system, a merit system, a system measuring earnings by quantity or quality of production, or legitimate factors other than gender. It also prohibits employers from paying an African-American employee less than another employee who is not African-American for the same or substantially similar work.